Working with Books!

The researcher must persistently master the art of literature search, the documents “chase” for the bibliographic lists, create their own annotated roster to the literature, periodicals, and documents. Probably the most sensible research will lead “thick” book for writing bibliographies of interest to his problem, not only for her, should be considered literally all the literature published in periodicals, to which the “someday” to address the need arises. You can use these to bibliographic cards, including its own production.

In any case, should be worked out “guide” that allows you to find the book, article, document by different criteria - author, subject, etc. You can make cards in 2-3 copies and spread them on the authorship, subject, of belonging to the state and public organizations. Ideal - make a bibliography on your computer. You can work in the form required to make the researcher annotations, which will later be useful in the writing of historiography.

Before you start collecting material for research would be useful to see (or rather - to work out) “Book Review”, “chronicles the Book”, “Annals of newspaper articles,” “Annals of journal articles”, abstract publications of the Institute of Scientific Information on Social Sciences (INION) Academy of Sciences Russia’s edition of “quick information” All-Russian Institute of Scientific and Technical Information. Libraries are developing bibliographic indexes. After his colleagues can get into the library of specialized research institutes. Done just fine bibliography of the Parliamentary Centre, which, incidentally, can be ordered by e-mail.

Bibliographies contain an ordered set of bibliographic records, which alert the appearance of a document, book, article, and give the desired information to the researcher as to where to find them. Learn more about custom essay USA!

Bibliographies consist of a list of bibliographic entries, without annotations, and abstracts.

Review publications contain a concise summary of a document or book with the basic factual information and conclusions. These publications include the journals of abstracts, abstract collections, express-information fact sheets.

National Book Chamber publishes bibliographic journals “Book chronicles”, “Annals of periodicals and publications,” “Annals of newspaper articles,” and other publications. All-Russia State Library for Foreign Literature publishes a variety of bibliographies and catalogs.

Especially valuable are the lists of sources and literature are placed in dissertations, especially protected in recent years. This is a work of predecessors, and it should be possible to mobilize for further study of scientific problems. We must carefully review the scientific apparatus in the published monographs, collections, other literature.

In the presence of a bibliography, and her literature and other sources - a significant part of the case, one might say, the foundation on which to build an add - do your research.

We must develop a strict rule - promptly to issue any statement of the documents and literature. What do you mean - precisely and correctly execute scientific apparatus (footnote) on the used data, facts, and other extraction, we can not rely on your memory. It takes a little time, we should definitely arrange the work, and here begins a waste of time to search for sources, which, apparently, recently enjoyed.

In the book, just to do such a statement:

author’s name, initials, better - the full name and patronymic, they are on the last page - in the output;

the exact title of the book, it is better to cancel it is not on the cover and title of the book, there may be additional information to the title;

place of publication;

name of publisher;

year of publication;

number of pages in the book.

Sometimes the researcher may need to address publishers (for example, try to buy the book you want). Only after these recordings you can start reading this book. After each statement (preferably after each paragraph) specified page number.

One note, warning that if any of the monographs and other publications used the fact referring not to this monograph, as shown on the source of its author, it is necessary not only from the ethical side, but in essence double-check the material used. It must be confessed - the facts found by other researchers to wander from the source of the work, the “migrations”, they acquire some or other inaccuracies. The consequences may be expressed in the documentary inaccuracies, or in violation of copyright. Be checked again and the output of books and other sources, sometimes inaccurate spelling of surname of the author of the monograph can be found in various publications, that is not talking about the simultaneous lack of attention of researchers, and that they used the same printed material.

The study scientific literature requires serious work with pencil in hand. The study of scientific publications is carried out in stages: a general introduction to the product as a whole, a cursory review of all content, reading in the order of the sequence arrangement of the material or selectively; statement of interest materials, critical evaluation of the recorded its treatment as a piece of text for a dissertation.

It is important to accustom themselves to the fact that along with the discharge of the material should be processed immediately, and further thinking about this stuff, go to the obtaining of new knowledge.